Economic Mobility

Upward Mobility

Probability that workers who start in the bottom quartile reach the top half of earners by mid-career.

SalaryScope's Upward Mobility model combines BLS, Census, and Statistics Canada inputs to estimate the probability that a worker starting in the bottom income quartile reaches the top half by age 40 — by metro, occupation, and education path.

Top-quartile reach

Tech, healthcare, energy transition, and skilled trades produce the highest top-quartile reach for entry-level workers.

Education vs occupation

Occupation choice explains 2-3x more upward mobility than 4-year degree completion.

Geography multipliers

Top opportunity cities boost upward mobility by 35–55% versus declining metros.